Recognition and management of catheter-induced pulmonary artery rupture

Abstract

Background. Catheter-induced pulmonary artery rupture is a well- recognized complication of invasive monitoring, but the risk has not diminished. Although commonly associated with cardiopulmonary bypass, injuries also occur in intensive care. Definitive proof requires pulmonary angiography or autopsy. Many cases are never reported, and lesser injuries are probably under-diagnosed. Methods. Seven cases fulfilling accepted diagnostic criteria discovered over 2 years are described in four groups illustrating the common modes of presentation: hemoptysis with hypoxemia, exsanguination, delayed recurrent hemorrhage, and bleeding with cardiopulmonary bypass. Results. One patient had a planned elect..