Advances in Enamel Remineralization: Casein Phosphopeptide - Amorphous Calcium Phosphate

Abstract

Casein phosphopeptides (CPP) are multi-phosphorylated peptides from an enzymatic digest of the bovine milk protein casein. These peptides have a remarkable ability to stabilize calcium phosphate in solution as amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP). Through their multiple phosphoseryl residues, the CPP bind to forming nanoclusters of ACP in metastable solution, preventing their growth to the critical size required for nucleation and phase transformations. The casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP; Recaldent™) nanoclusters have been shown to localize at the tooth surface and prevent caries in laboratory, animal and human in situ caries models. The CPP-ACP have also been shown ..