Management of early acute renal failure: focus on post-injury prevention

Abstract

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: In this review, we describe our current understanding of various aspects of secondary renal injury and its prevention. Secondary renal injury indicates any injury to the kidney, which occurs after an initial event has already triggered injury to the organ. RECENT FINDINGS: Analysis of the literature reveals several important fields of possible intervention. First, blood pressure is considered important and hypotension is associated with renal injury. Avoiding hypotension is an important mechanism of renal protection from secondary injury. Similarly, a low cardiac output state should be promptly treated or prevented. Adequate volume resuscitation is also considered importan..