MES (multi-energy systems): An overview of concepts and evaluation models

Abstract

MES (multi-energy systems) whereby electricity, heat, cooling, fuels, transport, and so on optimally interact with each other at various levels (for instance, within a district, city or region) represent an important opportunity to increase technical, economic and environmental performance relative to "classical" energy systems whose sectors are treated "separately" or "independently". This performance improvement can take place at both the operational and the planning stage. While such systems and in particular systems with distributed generation of multiple energy vectors (DMG (distributed multi-generation)) can be a key option to decarbonize the energy sector, the approaches needed to mod..