Brain Volumes at Term-Equivalent Age Are Associated with 2-Year Neurodevelopment in Moderate and Late Preterm Children

Abstract

Objective To explore the association between brain maturation, injury, and volumes at term-equivalent age with 2-year development in moderate and late preterm children. Study design Moderate and late preterm infants were recruited at birth and assessed at age 2 years using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed at term-equivalent age and qualitatively assessed for brain maturation (myelination of the posterior limb of the internal capsule and gyral folding) and injury. Brain volumes were measured using advanced segmentation techniques. The associations between brain MRI measures with developmental outcomes were..