Genetic evidence of intercontinental movement of avian influenza in a migratory bird: the northern pintail (Anas acuta)

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Funding Acknowledgements

We thank other members of the northern pintail avian influenza research team including D. Derksen, J. Hupp, S. Talbot, and M. Petersen. We are grateful to R. Kearney (US Geological Survey; USGS), S. Haseltine (USGS), P. Bright (USGS), D. Rocque ( US Fish and Wildlife Service; USFWS), and K. Trust (USFWS) for financial and administrative support. Y. Gillies (USGS ASC), D. Goldberg and R. Zane (USGS National Wildlife Health Center; NWHC) coordinated distribution of sampling materials, receipt of samples, and data verification. V. Dugan provided assistance with PCR primers. We thank the numerous field biologists and technicians who participated in sampling wild birds and native subsistence hunters from villages across Alaska who provided additional samples. We also thank past and current members of the Diagnostic Virology Laboratory at the USGS NWHC, including T. Egstad, K. Griffin, A. Hauser, K. Kooiman, R. Long, A. Miyamoto, J. Montez, J. Tuscher, Z. Najacht, and A. Ray. D. Derksen, J. Hupp, J. Hall, T. Hollmen, and two anonymous reviewers provided comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. None of the authors have any financial interests or conflict of interest with this article. Any use of trade names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government.