The modern interleukin-1 superfamily: Divergent roles in obesity

Abstract

Obesity is now recognised as a chronic, low-grade inflammatory disease contributing to insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Multiple mechanisms leading to the low grade inflammation in this setting have been suggested. Due to the complexity and interconnection of inflammatory and metabolic responses, there also remains a need to fully elucidate the inflammatory mechanisms that control obesity and associated metabolic disorders. One important avenue in the field that has gained great attention is the interleukin (IL)-1 superfamily of cytokines that consist of IL-1β, IL-18 and IL-33. IL-1β is well known for its contribution as an inflammatory mediator in ..