Provision of Automated Step-by-Step Procedural Guidance in Virtual Reality Surgery Simulation

Abstract

One of the roadblocks to the wide-spread use of virtual reality simulation as a surgical training platform is the need for expert supervision during training to ensure proper skill acquisition. To fully utilize the capacity of virtual reality in surgical training, it is imperative that the guidance process is automated. In this paper, we discuss a method of providing one aspect of performance guidance: advice on the steps of a surgery or procedural guidance. We manually segment the surgical trajectory of an expert surgeon into steps and present them one at a time to guide trainees through a surgical procedure. We show, using a randomized controlled trial, that this form of guidance is effect..