Incidence of chronic kidney disease among people with diabetes: a systematic review of observational studies

Abstract

Aims: The aim was to systematically review published articles that reported the incidence of chronic kidney disease among people with diabetes. Methods: A systematic literature search was performed using MEDLINE, Embase and CINAHL databases. The titles and abstracts of all publications identified by the search were reviewed and 10 047 studies were retrieved. Results: A total of 71 studies from 30 different countries with sample sizes ranging from 505 to 211 132 met the inclusion criteria. The annual incidence of microalbuminuria and albuminuria ranged from 1.3% to 3.8% for Type 1 diabetes. For Type 2 diabetes and studies combining both diabetes types, the range was from 3.8% to 12.7%, with f..