Journal article
Potential Effectiveness of Pictorial Warning Labels That Feature the Images and Personal Details of Real People
Emily Brennan, Erin K Maloney, Yotam Ophir, Joseph N Cappella
NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH | OXFORD UNIV PRESS | Published : 2017
DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntw319
Abstract
Introduction: Pictorial warning labels (PWL) that use photographs and the personal details of real people whose health has been affected by smoking (testimonial PWL) provide factual information about the consequences of tobacco use. Methods: Nine hundred and twenty-four adult current smokers participated in an online experiment that tested responses to four types of warning labels: (1) non-testimonial text warning labels (currently on packs in the United States); (2) non-testimonial PWL (previously proposed by the United States Food and Drug Administration); (3) image only testimonial PWL (created for study); (4) image + personal details testimonial PWL (created for study). Participants were..
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Awarded by Food and Drug Administration's Center for Tobacco Products
Awarded by NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE
Funding Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health and the Food and Drug Administration's Center for Tobacco Products (P50CA179546). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health or the Food and Drug Administration.