Risk factors for KPC-producing Enterobacteriaceae acquisition and infection in a healthcare setting with possible local transmission: a case-control study

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Reports of Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-producing K. pneumoniae (KPC-Kp) in Australia were previously uncommon, with cases imported sporadically by travellers from higher prevalence countries. AIM: The study institution reported the first outbreak of KPC-Kp in Australia. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors for KPC-Kp colonization and infection using a matched case-control study. METHODS: The study included all hospitalized patients with KPC-Kp colonization or infection from January 2012 to September 2015. FINDINGS: Thirty-four cases of KPC-producing Enterobacteriaceae (including 31 KPC-Kp cases) were matched with 136 controls. Variables associated with..