A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of The Effect of Low Vitamin D on Cognition

Abstract

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: With an aging population and no cure for dementia on the horizon, risk factor modification prior to disease onset is an urgent health priority. Therefore, this review examined the effect of low vitamin D status or vitamin D supplementation on cognition in midlife and older adults without a diagnosis of dementia. DESIGN: Systematic review and random effect meta-analysis. SETTING: Observational (cross-sectional and longitudinal cohort) studies comparing low and high vitamin D status and interventions comparing vitamin D supplementation with a control group were included in the review and meta-analysis. PARTICIPANTS: Studies including adults and older adults without a deme..