Epicardial CRT-D in a Pacing Dependant Patient Without Transvenous Options

Abstract

Implantable cardioverter–defibrillator (ICD) and cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) is generally limited to transvenous techniques especially in pacing-dependant patients. We describe a novel case in which an epicardial CRT-D system was successfully implanted with a two-year follow-up in a pacing-dependant patient.