Transjugular biopsy case report of inferior vena cava hepatocellular carcinoma with intracardiac extension

Abstract

Background Diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can be established with near certainty by correlating radiological imaging with clinical presentation. However, in the absence of diagnostic certainty, biopsy of liver tissue is mandatory for optimal management. We present our management of a patient with advanced liver disease who presented with an IVC mass extending into the right atrium, with co-existing liver lesions not meeting criteria for an imaging diagnosis of HCC. Case presentation A 62-year-old male with Child-Pugh C liver cirrhosis presented with decompensated liver failure. Multiple imaging modalities demonstrated an inferior vena cava (IVC) mass extending into the right atr..