Factors in testis descent and causes of cryptorchidism

Abstract

Testicular descent appears to be the result of two separate morphological processes under different hormonal control. The first, or transabdominal, phase is likely to be governed by Müllerian inhibiting substance or anti-Müllerian hormone but this remains controversial. The second, or inguinoscrotal, phase may be controlled by a calcitonin gene-related peptide released from the genitofemoral nerve under androgen stimulation.