Amelogenesis imperfecta and nephrocalcinosis syndrome. Case studies of clinical features and ultrastructure of tooth enamel in two siblings

Abstract

This article describes the enamel ultrastructure and clinical features in two siblings with the little known syndromeof Amelogenesis imperfecta and nephrocalcinosis. Nephrocalcinosis was diagnosed by x-ray examination of the abdomen, intravenous pyelography, ultrasonography, and computed tomography scan. Amelogenesis imperfecta was diagnosed from clinical and histologic examinations. The affected enamel was hypoplastic (∼0.2 mm thick), positively birefringent, generally aprismatic, porous, and consisted of loosely packed, randomly orientated, thin (∼10 nm wide), ribbonlike crystals. The enamel surface was rough, extensively cracked, and covered with ovoid or globular protrusions. Observation..