Pharmacokinetics of bupivacaine enantiomers during interpleural infusion.

Abstract

Interpleural infusions (24 hr) were given to 14 adults (29-81 yr) having surgery via right subcostal incisions. Patient-controlled analgesia with morphine was also available for 72 hours following surgery. An infusion of 0.25% bupivacaine with adrenaline 1/400,000 was commenced at 0.1 ml/kg/hr at the conclusion of surgery after an initial 20 ml bolus. The 24 hr cumulative morphine dose increased by 62% (P < 0.01) on the second postoperative day after the bupivacaine infusion was ceased, but the pain score did not change. There was no clinical evidence of bupivacaine toxicity although the maximum bupivacaine concentration ranged from 0.74-6.52 mg/l, mean 2.90 (SEM 0.44) mg/l and vascular upta..