Sweet solutions to reduce procedural pain in neonates: A meta-analysis

Abstract

CONTEXT: Abundant evidence of sweet taste analgesia in neonates exists, yet placebo-controlled trials continue to be conducted. OBJECTIVE: To review all trials evaluating sweet solutions for analgesia in neonates and to conduct cumulative meta-analyses (CMAs) on behavioral pain outcomes. DATA SOURCES: (1) Data from 2 systematic reviews of sweet solutions for newborns; (2) searches ending 2015 of CINAHL, Medline, Embase, and psychINFO. DATA EXTRACTION AND ANALYSIS: Two authors screened studies for inclusion, conducted risk-ofbias ratings, and extracted behavioral outcome data for CMAs. CMA was performed using random effects meta-analysis. RESULTS: One hundred and sixty-eight studies were incl..