From cancer immunosurveillance to cancer immunotherapy

Abstract

In response to oncogenic threats, tumor suppressor mechanisms that halt cell-cycle progression can stimulate immune-mediated destruction of pre-malignant and malignant cells. Accordingly, defining the molecular interactions between tumor suppressor pathways and cancer immunity may be instrumental in the development of novel cancer therapies. We here discuss the immunological consequences of cellular senescence and apoptosis in the context of tumorigenesis. We then review the literature on potential 'danger signals' that may link tumorigenesis and cancer immunosurveillance and discuss the range of immune-regulatory mechanisms that restrict cancer immunity. Finally, we discuss how a better und..