Elucidating the biological mechanisms linking depressive symptoms with type 2 diabetes in men: The longitudinal effects of inflammation, microvascular dysfunction, and testosterone

Abstract

Objective: This prospective cohort study sought to examine key biological measures linking depressive symptoms with Type 2 diabetes, specifically inflammation, microvascular dysfunction, and androgens. Methods: A cohort of 688 men without diabetes who were 35 years or older were followed up for 5 years. Venous interleukin-6, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, sE-selectin, endogenous total testosterone, fasting glucose, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were quantified at baseline and 5 years later. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory-I, and men were categorized into persistent, remitted, incident, and nondepressed groups (reference). Logistic regression was ..