Implementing assessments of robot-assisted technical skill in urological education: a systematic review and synthesis of the validity evidence

Abstract

Objectives: To systematically review and synthesise the validity evidence supporting intraoperative and simulation-based assessments of technical skill in urological robot-assisted surgery (RAS), and make evidence-based recommendations for the implementation of these assessments in urological training. Materials and Methods: A literature search of the Medline, PsycINFO and Embase databases was performed. Articles using technical skill and simulation-based assessments in RAS were abstracted. Only studies involving urology trainees or faculty were included in the final analysis. Results: Multiple tools for the assessment of technical robotic skill have been published, with mixed sources of val..