Motion at the Sternal Edges During Upper Limb and Trunk Tasks In-Vivo as Measured by Real-Time Ultrasound Following Cardiac Surgery: A Three-Month Prospective, Observational Study

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Despite a paucity of evidence, patients following cardiac surgery via median sternotomy are routinely prescribed sternal precautions that restrict upper limb and trunk movements, with the rationale of reducing postoperative sternal complications such as sternal wound dehiscence, instability, infection and/or pain. The primary aim of this study was to measure motion at the sternal edges during dynamic upper limb and trunk tasks to better inform future sternal precautions and optimise postoperative recovery. Motion at the sternal edges was measured using ultrasound, which has been demonstrated to be a clinically valid and reliable measure in patients following cardiac surgery. METH..