Journal article
Declining NAD induces a pseudohypoxic state disrupting nuclear-mitochondrial communication during aging
AP Gomes, NL Price, AJY Ling, JJ Moslehi, MK Montgomery, L Rajman, JP White, JS Teodoro, CD Wrann, BP Hubbard, EM Mercken, CM Palmeira, R De Cabo, AP Rolo, N Turner, EL Bell, DA Sinclair
Cell | CELL PRESS | Published : 2013
Abstract
Ever since eukaryotes subsumed the bacterial ancestor of mitochondria, the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes have had to closely coordinate their activities, as each encode different subunits of the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) system. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a hallmark of aging, but its causes are debated. We show that, during aging, there is a specific loss of mitochondrial, but not nuclear, encoded OXPHOS subunits. We trace the cause to an alternate PGC-1α/β-independent pathway of nuclear-mitochondrial communication that is induced by a decline in nuclear NAD+ and the accumulation of HIF-1α under normoxic conditions, with parallels to Warburg reprogramming. Deleting SIRT1 accel..
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Awarded by Australian Research Council
Funding Acknowledgements
The Sinclair lab is supported by the NIH/NIA, the Glenn Foundation for Medical Research, the United Mitochondrial Disease Foundation, the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation, and a gift from the Schulak family. A. P. G. was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (SFRH/BD/44674/2008) and B. P. H. by an NSERC PGS-D fellowship. N.T. is supported by an Australian Research Council Future Fellowship. We are grateful to Michael Bonkowski, Carlos Daniel de Magalhaes Filho, Meghan Rego, Nikolina Dioufa, and David Zhang for technical advice and experimental assistance; William Kaelin Jr. for kindly providing the EglN1 KO mice; Daniel Kelly, John Rumsay, and Teresa Leone for unpublished PGC-1 alpha/beta KO myoblasts and advice; Bruce Spiegelman for PGC-1 alpha null myoblasts and advice; and Pere Puigserver and Zachary Gerhart-Hines for a SIRT1 adenovirus. D. A. S. is a consultant to Cohbar, OvaScience, HorizonScience, Segterra, MetroBiotech, and GlaxoSmithKline. Cohbar, MetroBiotech, and GlaxoSmithKline work on mitochondrially derived peptides, NAD<SUP>+</SUP>, and sirtuin modulation, respectively.