Haemodynamic effects of cold versus warm fluid bolus in healthy volunteers: a randomised crossover trial

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that changes in cardiac index and mean arterial pressure (MAP) during and after a fluid bolus (FB) are altered by fluid temperature. DESIGN: Randomised, controlled, crossover trial. SETTING: Research laboratory at Swedish teaching hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-one healthy adult volunteers. INTERVENTIONS: Subjects were randomly allocated to 500 mL of Ringer's acetate at room temperature (22°C; cold) or body temperature (38°C; warm). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: For 2 hours after starting the FB, we measured cardiac index, MAP, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and pulse rate (PR) continuously. We recorded temperature and O2 saturation every 5 minut..