Renal and cardiovascular toxicity of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

Abstract

Introduction. In addition to gastro-intestinal side effects, non- steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been associated with renal and cardiac complications. We review the mechanisms of NSAID-induced renal and cardiac toxicity and the epidemiological evidence regarding the magnitude of these problems. Methods. A Medline search was undertaken, using MESH and keyword terms, specified drug names, and renal/cardiac outcomes. The Cochrane Database was also searched. Results. Renal toxicity may manifest as acute or chronic failure and/or nephropathy, cardiac toxicity, as failure. For the most part, renal and cardiac side effects are consequences of interference by NSAIDs with prostagland..