Subcutaneous nodules: an important adverse event following immunization

Abstract

Introduction: Subcutaneous nodules are a rare adverse event following immunization (AEFI). Reported cases have frequently been associated with aluminum-containing vaccines. Despite the development of a consensus definition of a subcutaneous nodule from the Brighton Collaboration in 2004, there continues to be variation in definitions used in published literature. Areas covered: We reviewed the literature regarding subcutaneous nodule etiology, definition, clinical features, management, and approach to future immunizations. Embase and MEDLINE databases were searched with relevant MeSH terms initially on 8 November 2016, the same searches were repeated on 9 September 2018 prior to finalizing t..