Introduction

Abstract

Cloning has a number of potential applications in human medicine and animal breeding, but the efficiency of production of developmentally competent embryos and healthy animal offspring needs to be improved. The primary deficiency appears to be incomplete or abnormal nuclear reprogramming after nuclear transfer, and it is hypothesized that epigenetic regulators of transcription cannot always be converted to the embryonic pattern and this leads to implantation failure, gestational abnormalities and poor health of offspring. Research needs to be focused on this aspect of development for nuclear transfer embryos. However, there is a gradual demand for commercial application for cloning in animal..