The interaction between irreversible electroporation therapy (IRE) and embolization material using a validated vegetal model: An experimental study

Abstract

PURPOSE Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a nonthermal tumor ablation technique that induces cell apoptosis while preserving extracellular architecture. Surgical clips and embolic agents may lie adjacent to, or within, the target lesion. It is unknown to date if IRE causes degradation to the embolic agents or surgical clips that may have adverse effects to patients. We aimed to examine the effects of the IRE on the morphology of various embolic agents and the effects of these agents to the ablation field using a previously validated vegetal model. METHODS Metallic surgical clips and various metallic and nonmetallic embolic agents were inserted within the center of the tuber ablation fiel..