Nanoscale Materials and Devices for Future Communication Networks

Abstract

There is an ever-increasing demand in bandwidth and data rate in optical communications, internet, sensing, computing, machine learning applications, and cloud computing. For chip-level communications, existing complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) electronics-based solutions are currently challenged and strained to their maximum limit. The maximum speed of new 5G mobile connection is 10 Gbits/s, that is, 10 × 109 bits/s. When the bit rates increase beyond 10 Gbits/s, copper tracks that carry current between the processing chips severely distort and attenuate the data signal owing to parasitic resistance, inductance, and capacitance of the track (Développement 2016, Jeong et al. 201..