Possible negative interactions between fast frequency response from utility-scale battery storage and interconnector protection schemes

Abstract

Grid integration of renewables and replacement of conventional synchronous power plants may significantly decrease system inertia, which can potentially lead to frequency stability issues. Among alternative solutions to support system frequency in low-inertia conditions, and thanks to their unique technology features and highly controllable power electronic converters, utility-scale battery energy storage system (BESS) can be deployed to provide fast frequency response (FFR). However, possible undesired knock-on effects from such FFR operation, e.g., its negative interaction with equipment protection relays, and particularly for interconnectors, have not been adequately investigated. In this..