Journal article
The Antarctic ozone hole during 2014
Paul B Krummel, Andrew R Klekociuk, Matthew B Tully, H Peter Gies, Simon P Alexander, Paul J Fraser, Stuart Henderson, Robyn Schofield, Jonathan D Shanklin, Kane A Stone
Journal of Southern Hemisphere Earth Systems Science | CSIRO PUBLISHING | Published : 2019
DOI: 10.1071/US19023
Abstract
We review the 2014 Antarctic ozone hole, making use of a variety of ground-based and space-based measurements of ozone and ultra-violet radiation, supplemented by meteorological reanalyses. Although the polar vortex was relatively stable in 2014 and persisted some weeks longer into November than was the case in 2012 or 2013, the vortex temperature was close to the long-term mean in September and October with modest warming events occurring in both months, preventing severe depletion from taking place. Of the seven metrics reported here, all were close to their respective median values of the 1979–2014 record, being ranked between 16th and 21st of the 35 years for which adequate satellite obs..
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Grants
Awarded by Australian Antarctic Science programme
Awarded by NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Atmospheric Chemistry & Dynamics Branch
Funding Acknowledgements
We acknowledge the Australian Department of Environment and Energy for support of this work, and the assistance of the following people: Jeff Ayton and the AAD's Antarctic Medical Practitioners in collecting the solar UV data, BoM observers for collecting upper air measurements and for expeditioners of the British Antarctic Survey for collecting the Halley measurements. Odin is currently a third-party mission for the European Space Agency. OSIRIS operations and data retrievals are primarily supported by the Canadian Space Agency. The TOMS, OMI and OMPS data used in this study are provided by the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Atmospheric Chemistry & Dynamics Branch, Code 613.3. Aura MLS data used in this study were acquired as part of the NASA's Earth-Sun System Division and archived and distributed by the Goddard Earth Sciences (GES) Data and Information Services Center (DISC) Distributed Active Archive Center (DAAC). MERRA datawere acquired fromthe GES DISC. UKMO data were obtained from the British Atmospheric Data Centre (http://badc.nerc.ac.uk, accessed 30 April 2020). NCEP Reanalysis-2 data were obtained from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Earth System Research laboratory, Physical Sciences Division. Part of this work was performed under Projects 4012 and 4293 of the Australian Antarctic Science programme. EESC data are derived from ODS observations at Cape Grim, Tasmania - we acknowledge the Cape Grimstaff and funding from CSIRO and the YBureau of Meteorology in support of these measurements.