Incidence of Hospitalization for Heart Failure Relative to Major Atherosclerotic Events in Type 2 Diabetes: A Meta-analysis of Cardiovascular Outcomes Trials

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Emerging evidence points to heart failure as being a common first presentation of cardiovascular (CV) disease in type 2 diabetes. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine whether hospitalization for heart failure (HHF) occurs more or less frequently than major adverse CV events (MACE) in people with type 2 diabetes. DATA SOURCES: Placebo arms of CV outcomes trials in type 2 diabetes were included. STUDY SELECTION: Sixteen CV outcomes trials were selected, including five dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor trials, seven glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist trials, and four sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor trials. DATA EXTRACTION: We extracted incidence rates of..