Nutrients to mitigate osteosarcopenia: the role of protein, vitamin D and calcium

Abstract

Purpose of review Osteosarcopenia (the joint loss of bone density and muscle mass and function) is an emerging geriatric syndrome, which associates with poor health outcomes. Several nutrients including protein, vitamin D and calcium interact (directly or through absorption properties) to regulate muscle and bone metabolism. We provided an update on the efficacy of these nutrients on musculoskeletal outcomes in older adults with, or at risk of, osteosarcopenia.Recent findingsRandomized trials show that correcting vitamin D and calcium deficiencies to meet the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) increases bone density and reduces fracture (but not falls) risk. Supplementing above the RDA with..