Sex differences in illness severity and mortality among adult intensive care patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

PURPOSE: To investigate the association between sex and illness severity and mortality of ICU patients. METHODS: We performed systematic searches of MEDLINE and EMBASE for observational studies of adult ICU patients that explicitly examined the association between sex and illness severity or mortality. We used a random effects model to calculate standardised mean differences in illness severity scores and pooled odds ratios for mortality of women compared to men. RESULTS: We identified 21 studies with 505,138 participants in total (43.1% women). There was substantial heterogeneity among studies. Only two studies were at low risk of bias overall. At ICU admission, there was a pattern of highe..