A physical allocation method for comparative life cycle assessment: A case study of repurposing Australian electric vehicle batteries

Abstract

As the World's dependence on lithium battery technology continues its rapid growth, reserves of key manufacturing minerals are not forecast to keep pace with demand. Repurposed electric vehicle batteries offer a viable means to reduce the number of retired lithium-ion batteries proceeding directly to landfill and prolong their useful life while end of life solutions, including recycling, are developed and matured. This paper presents a novel physical allocation method based on the critical performance criteria: remaining capacity, module retention rate and repurposed electric vehicle battery lifetime (second life). To verify the allocation method, a case study directly compares the emissions..