Journal article

Coformulation with Tattoo Ink for Immunological Assessment of Vaccine Immunogenicity in the Draining Lymph Node

Isaac M Barber-Axthelm, Hannah G Kelly, Robyn Esterbauer, Kathleen M Wragg, Anne M Gibbon, Wen Shi Lee, Adam K Wheatley, Stephen J Kent, Hyon-Xhi Tan, Jennifer A Juno

JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY | AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS | Published : 2021

Abstract

Characterization of germinal center B and T cell responses yields critical insights into vaccine immunogenicity. Nonhuman primates are a key preclinical animal model for human vaccine development, allowing both lymph node (LN) and circulating immune responses to be longitudinally sampled for correlates of vaccine efficacy. However, patterns of vaccine Ag drainage via the lymphatics after i.m. immunization can be stochastic, driving uneven deposition between lymphoid sites and between individual LN within larger clusters. To improve the accurate isolation of Ag-exposed LN during biopsies and necropsies, we developed and validated a method for coformulating candidate vaccines with tattoo ink i..

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Grants

Awarded by National Health and Medical Research Council


Awarded by European Union


Awarded by Australian Medical Research Future Fund


Awarded by European Union Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme grant


Funding Acknowledgements

This work was supported by a National Health and Medical Research Council program grant (APP1149990), a European Union collaborative award (APP1115828), and fellowships (to S.J.K., A.K.W., and J.A.J.); the European Union Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme grant 681137; the Victorian government; and the Australian Medical Research Future Fund (GNT2002073).