Journal article
Prostate cancer
RJ Rebello, C Oing, KE Knudsen, S Loeb, DC Johnson, RE Reiter, S Gillessen, T Van der Kwast, RG Bristow
Nature Reviews Disease Primers | NATURE PORTFOLIO | Published : 2021
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a complex disease that affects millions of men globally, predominantly in high human development index regions. Patients with localized disease at a low to intermediate risk of recurrence generally have a favourable outcome of 99% overall survival for 10 years if the disease is detected and treated at an early stage. Key genetic alterations include fusions of TMPRSS2 with ETS family genes, amplification of the MYC oncogene, deletion and/or mutation of PTEN and TP53 and, in advanced disease, amplification and/or mutation of the androgen receptor (AR). Prostate cancer is usually diagnosed by prostate biopsy prompted by a blood test to measure prostate-specific antigen levels..
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Funding Acknowledgements
R.J.R and R.G.B. are supported by core funding grants from Cancer Research UK (CRUK), Manchester Institute and CRUK Manchester Centre. R.G.B. is also supported by the CRUK Manchester RadNet and ACED grants, the NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Council and Prostate Cancer UK through a Movember Centre of Excellence. C.O. is supported by the European Society of Medical Oncology (ESMO) with the aid of a grant from Roche. K.E.K. is supported by grants from Celgene, Sanofi, Novartis and CellCentric. S.L. is supported by the Prostate Cancer Foundation and the Edward Blank and Sharon Cosloy-Blank Family Foundation.