Rectal chlamydia infections: implications for reinfection risk, screening, and treatment guidelines

Abstract

Purpose of reviewRectal chlamydia is a prevalent sexually transmissible infection in both men who have sex with men (MSM) and in women. Screening is recommended for MSM but remains controversial for women. The optimal treatment for rectal chlamydia is now conclusive but interpreting and managing positive results remains challenging. Infections among MSM are increasing and strategies are needed to reduce incident infections. This review summarizes recent developments for the screening and management of rectal chlamydia and its implications on reinfection.Recent findingsReinfections in MSM may be occurring due to resumption of sex soon after treatment whereas repeat infections in women may occ..