Impact of starting BMI and degree of weight loss on changes in appetite-regulating hormones during diet-induced weight loss

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether the hormone changes following weight loss are proportional to the degree of weight loss and to starting BMI. Methods: A very low-energy diet was used to achieve 15% weight loss. Fasting and postprandial gut hormones and leptin were measured during a meal test at baseline and at 5% (1%), 10% (2%), and 15% (2.5%) weight loss. Linear mixed-effects models were used to analyze hormone changes. Results: From baseline to 5% weight loss, decreases were seen in fasting concentrations of leptin (−8.25 ng/mL; p < 0.001), amylin (−21.3 pg/mL; p < 0.001), and glucagon-like peptide 1 (−59.55 pg/mL; p < 0.001). There was a small further reduction in..