The relationship between beta-ureidopropionase deficiency due to UPB1 variants and human phenotypes is uncertain

Abstract

Background: Beta-ureidopropionase deficiency, caused by variants in UPB1, has been reported in association with various neurodevelopmental phenotypes including intellectual disability, seizures and autism. Aim: We aimed to reassess the relationship between variants in UPB1 and a clinical phenotype. Methods: Literature review, calculation of carrier frequencies from population databases, long-term follow-up of a previously published case and reporting of additional cases. Results: Fifty-three published cases were identified, and two additional cases are reported here. Of these, 14 were asymptomatic and four had transient neurological features; clinical features in the remainder were variable ..