KCTD1 and Scalp-Ear-Nipple (‘Finlay–Marks’) syndrome may be associated with myopia and Thin basement membrane nephropathy through an effect on the collagen IV α3 and α4 chains

Abstract

Introduction: Scalp-Ear-Nipple syndrome is caused by pathogenic KCTD1 variants and characterised by a scalp defect, prominent ears, and rudimentary breasts. We describe here further clinical associations in the eye and kidney. Methods: Fifteen affected members from two unrelated families with p.(Ala30Glu) or p.(Pro31Leu) in KCTD1 were examined for ocular and renal abnormalities. The relevant proteins were studied in the eye and kidney, and the mutation consequences determined from mouse knockout models. Results: Five males and 10 females with a median age of 40 years (range 1–70) with pathogenic variants p.(Ala30Glu) (n = 12) or p.(Pro31Leu) (n = 3) in KCTD1 were studied. Of the 6 who underw..