The risk of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis is geographically determined but modifiable

S Sharmin; I Roos; S Simpson-Yap; C Malpas; MM Sánchez; S Ozakbas; D Horakova; EK Havrdova; F Patti; R Alroughani; G Izquierdo; S Eichau; C Boz; M Zakaria; M Onofrj; A Lugaresi; B Weinstock-Guttman; A Prat; M Girard; P Duquette; M Terzi; MP Amato; R Karabudak; F Grand’Maison; SJ Khoury; P Grammond; J Lechner-Scott; K Buzzard; O Skibina; A van der Walt; H Butzkueven; R Turkoglu; A Altintas; D Maimone; A Kermode; N Shalaby; VV Pesch; E Butler; Y Sidhom; R Gouider; S Mrabet; O Gerlach; A Soysal; M Barnett; J Kuhle; S Hughes; MJ Sa; S Hodgkinson; C Oreja-Guevara; R Ampapa; T Petersen; C Ramo-Tello; D Spitaleri; P McCombe; B Taylor; J Prevost; M Foschi; M Slee; C McGuigan; G Laureys; LV Hijfte; K de Gans; C Solaro; J Oh; R Macdonell; E Aguera-Morales; B Singhal; O Gray; J Garber; BV Wijmeersch; M Simu; T Castillo-Triviño; JL Sanchez-Menoyo; D Khurana; A Al-Asmi; T Al-Harbi; N Deri; Y Fragoso; PH Lalive; LGF Sinnige; C Shaw; N Shuey; T Csepany; AP Sempere; F Moore; D Decoo; B Willekens; C Gobbi; J Massey; T Hardy; J Parratt; T Kalincik

Journal article

The risk of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis is geographically determined but modifiable

S Sharmin, I Roos, S Simpson-Yap, C Malpas, MM Sánchez, S Ozakbas, D Horakova, EK Havrdova, F Patti, R Alroughani, G Izquierdo, S Eichau, C Boz, M Zakaria, M Onofrj, A Lugaresi, B Weinstock-Guttman, A Prat, M Girard, P Duquette Show all

Brain | OXFORD UNIV PRESS | Published : 2023

DOI: 10.1093/brain/awad218

Abstract

Geographical variations in the incidence and prevalence of multiple sclerosis have been reported globally. Latitude as a surrogate for exposure to ultraviolet radiation but also other lifestyle and environmental factors are regarded as drivers of this variation. No previous studies evaluated geographical variation in the risk of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis, an advanced form of multiple sclerosis that is characterized by steady accrual of irreversible disability. We evaluated differences in the risk of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis in relation to latitude and country of residence, modified by high-to-moderate efficacy immunotherapy in a geographically diverse cohort of..

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University of Melbourne Researchers

Sifat Sharmin Author

Izanne Roos Author

Steve Simpson-Yap Author

Charles Malpas Author

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Grants

Awarded by National Health and Medical Research Council

Funding Acknowledgements

We thank the patients who contributed to the MSBase registry, the participating neurologists, and the principal investigators for supporting this study. The list of MSBase Study Group contributors is provided in Appendix 1. Administrative and technical support was provided by the MSBase administrations Ms Charlotte Sartori, Dr Sabah Quddus and Ms Eloise Hinson.