Development of a Multibiomarker Panel of Healthy Eating Index in United States Adults: A Machine Learning Approach

Abstract

Background: Dietary and nutritional biomarkers are objective dietary assessment tools that will enable a more accurate and precise determination of diet-disease relations. However, the lack of established biomarker panels for dietary patterns is concerning, as dietary patterns continue to be the focus of dietary guidelines. Objectives: We aimed to develop and validate a panel of objective biomarkers that reflects the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) by applying machine learning approaches to the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data. Methods: Cross-sectional population-based data (eligible criteria: age ≥20 y, not pregnant, no reported supplement use of dedicated vitamin A, D, E, o..