Multicomponent solvent extraction modelling of lithium, cobalt, nickel, and manganese from simulated black mass leachate

Abstract

The role of lithium-ion batteries in facilitating the global shift towards renewable energy is paramount. Managing the responsible lifecycle of these batteries, including their disposal and recycling at the end of their operational life, holds considerable importance. These practices not only mitigate the environmental impact but also address the supply vulnerability of battery metals sourced from primary natural reserves. The major compositions of batteries, notably lithium, nickel, and cobalt, are typically concentrated within a material known as black mass, a vital commodity in the battery recycling sector. Solvent extraction is a proficient method for the simultaneous recovery of these m..