New Onset Neurocognitive Impairment in Long-Term Survivors of Early Adolescent and Young Adult Hematologic Malignancies: A Report from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study

Abstract

Background: Survivors of hematologic malignancies diagnosed during adolescence and early young adulthood (eAYA survivors) experience neurocognitive impairments as a result of intensive neurotoxic therapies, but the trajectory of these impairments as survivors age are not known. We examined longitudinal changes in neurocognitive outcomes in eAYA survivors compared to younger survivors and sibling controls. Methods: We identified 421 eAYA (diagnosed at 15-21 years) and 1758 pediatric (diagnosed at <15 years) survivors of ALL, AML, and Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), as well as 233 siblings from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (>5 year survivors dia..