Polygenic risk scores for prostate cancer: Comparative evaluations in UK and Australian cohorts

Abstract

Risk-based approaches offer promise for enhancing early detection of prostate cancer. Polygenic risk scores (PGSs) have emerged as a potential approach for risk stratification, though their performance varies by population. We evaluated nine PGSs (four existing, five new) for predicting 5-year prostate cancer risk across three international population-based prospective cohorts: UK Biobank (UKB), the Australian QSkin Sun and Health Study (QSkin), and Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study (MCCS). We analyzed UKB European-ancestry (n = 184,010), South-Asian-ancestry (n = 5,097), and African-ancestry (n = 3,193), QSkin European-ancestry (n = 6,791), and MCCS European-ancestry (n = 1,809) male par..