Oncological safety of testosterone replacement therapy in men with localised prostate cancer: a systematic review of observational studies

Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate the oncological safety of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) in hypogonadal patients with prostate cancer, as testosterone deficiency (TD) rises in prevalence with age and in prostate cancer may be treatment-related, whilst contributing to poor health outcomes. Patients and Methods: Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, Medline, EMBASE, PubMed, and Scopus were searched. Studies were included assessing progression and biochemical recurrence in men with prostate cancer and TD receiving TRT. Results: Searches yielded 4067 studies, of which 19 were included: five in active surveillance, 10 post-radical prostatectomy (..