Socioeconomic advantage as protection from genetic mental health risks

Abstract

The burden of mental illness is unequally distributed, with higher prevalence among socioeconomically disadvantaged individuals and those with a genetic predisposition to mental illness. Using data from the U.S. Health and Retirement Study (HRS), we examine whether childhood socioeconomic status (SES) moderates the association between genetic predisposition — measured using polygenic indices (PGIs) — and adult mental health. We document a childhood SES gradient in the association between genetic risk and anxiety, but not depression. Specifically, individuals who report having been financially well-off during childhood or whose fathers held relatively higher prestige occupations exhibit a sub..