Continuous ketone monitoring for people with diabetes: international expert recommendations on the application of a new technology

Abstract

The ability to reduce the risk of developing diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) remains a major care gap for people with diabetes, particularly those on intensive insulin therapy. The anticipated availability of continuous ketone monitoring (CKM) has the potential to reduce the risk of developing DKA, one of the most life-threatening acute complications of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. International clinical guidelines have established ketone thresholds for suspected and confirmed diagnoses of DKA, based on use of point-of-care testing, as part of a triad of markers with allied thresholds for hyperglycaemia and acidosis. The increasing occurrence of euglycemic DKA, with glucose concentrations below e..