Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Pregnant Women with Type 1 Diabetes: Outcomes of a Population-Based Real-World Study

Abstract

Background: Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) is increasingly used by women with type 1 diabetes (T1D) during pregnancy, but there are limited data on glycemic and pregnancy outcomes in large real-world cohorts. Methods: We collected glycemic and pregnancy outcome data from women with T1D across Australian centers between 2015 and 2025. The primary outcome was change in HbA1c from the first to the third trimester of pregnancy. Prespecified secondary outcomes included trimester-specific mean HbA1c, the proportion of women achieving HbA1c ≤6.5% (≤48 mmol/L) and ≤7.0% (≤53 mmol/L) in the third trimester, and a range of maternal and neonatal health outcomes. Results: Among 951 women, 456 (48%)..